VMware GSX Server 3 Administration Specifiche

Administration GuideVMware ESX Server 2

Administration Guide10 VMware, Inc. Changing!the!Maximum!Size!of!a!File!Allowed!by!VMFS 200Spanning!a!VMFS!volume. 200Converting!a!Partition!to!VMFS‐

Administration Guide100 VMware, Inc.Understanding Performance ValuesThe!values!under!Performance!are!based!on!the!past!five!minutes.!The!period!of!tim

VMware, Inc. 101Chapter 3 Using the VMware Management InterfaceFigure 3-6. Network tabThe!Network!tab!shows!network!performance!information!and!resou

Administration Guide102 VMware, Inc.To enable network traffic shaping1In!the!Network!tab,!click!Edit.!The!Network!Resource!Settings!dialog!box!appears

VMware, Inc. 103Chapter 3 Using the VMware Management InterfaceFigure 3-7. Hardware tabThe!Hardware!tab!lists!the!virtual!hardware!in!the!virtual!mac

Administration Guide104 VMware, Inc.To configure the virtual machine’s floppy drive1In!the!Hardware!tab,!under!Floppy!Drive,!click!Edit.!The!Floppy!Dr

VMware, Inc. 105Chapter 3 Using the VMware Management InterfaceTo configure the virtual machine’s DVD/CD-ROM drive1In!the!Hardware!tab,!under!DVD/CD‐R

Administration Guide106 VMware, Inc.Keep!in!mind!the!following:! Virtual!machines!running!certain!guest!operating!systems,!such!as!Windows!NT,!can!be!

VMware, Inc. 107Chapter 3 Using the VMware Management InterfaceTo configure the virtual machine’s virtual processors and memory1In!the!Hardware!tab,!u

Administration Guide108 VMware, Inc.! vmnet!adapter!–!Connects!the!virtual!machine!to!an!internal!network!of!other!virtual!machines.!All!the!virtual!m

VMware, Inc. 109Chapter 3 Using the VMware Management InterfaceConfiguring a Virtual Machine’s SCSI ControllersYou!can!configure!the!settings!for!the!

VMware, Inc. 11Contents Configuring!the!ESX!Server!Agent 227Configuring!the!ESX!Server!Agent!Through!the!VMware!Management!Interface 227Configuring!t

Administration Guide110 VMware, Inc.ESX!Server!can!use!disks!in!four!modes:! Persistent!–!Disks!in!persistent!mode!behave!exactly!like!conventional!di

VMware, Inc. 111Chapter 3 Using the VMware Management InterfaceYou!can!change!the!disk!mode!for!an!existing!virtual!disk!that!is!not!a!physical!disk!o

Administration Guide112 VMware, Inc.To configure a virtual machine’s generic SCSI device1To!configure!an!existing!generic!SCSI!device,!on!the!Hardware

VMware, Inc. 113Chapter 3 Using the VMware Management InterfaceTo add a new virtual disk to a virtual machine1On!the!Hardware!tab,!click!Add!Device.!T

Administration Guide114 VMware, Inc.3 Create!one!of!the!following!virtual!disks:! Click!Blank!to!create!a!new!virtual!disk.!Specify!the!following:! Im

VMware, Inc. 115Chapter 3 Using the VMware Management Interface! Click!Existing!to!add!an!existing!virtual!disk!to!the!virtual!machine.!Specify!the!fo

Administration Guide116 VMware, Inc.To add a new virtual network adapter to a virtual machine1On!the!Hardware!tab,!click!Add!Device.!The!Add!Device!wi

VMware, Inc. 117Chapter 3 Using the VMware Management Interface6Click!OK!to!add!the!network!adapter.Adding a Virtual DVD/CD-ROM Drive to a Virtual Mac

Administration Guide118 VMware, Inc.The!cdrom!page!appears.3To!connect!this!virtual!machine!to!the!server’s!DVD/CD‐ROM!drive!when!the!virtual!machine!

VMware, Inc. 119Chapter 3 Using the VMware Management InterfaceTo add a new virtual floppy drive to a virtual machine1On!the!Hardware!tab,!click!Add!D

Administration Guide12 VMware, Inc. 9 Storage!and!File!Systems 245File!System!Management!on!SCSI!Disks!and!RAID 245Viewing!and!Manipulating!Files!in!

Administration Guide120 VMware, Inc.Adding a Generic SCSI Device to a Virtual MachineBefore!adding!a!generic!SCSI!device,!make!sure!the!virtual!machin

VMware, Inc. 121Chapter 3 Using the VMware Management Interface5 Select!the!appropriate!SCSI!ID!in!the!Virtual!SCSI!Node!list.6Click!OK!to!add!the!dev

Administration Guide122 VMware, Inc.3To!connect!this!virtual!machine!to!the!server’s!SCSI!device!when!the!virtual!machine!is!powered!on,!select!Connec

VMware, Inc. 123Chapter 3 Using the VMware Management InterfaceThe!Options!tab!shows!standard!virtual!machine!information:! Display!Name!–!Identifies!

Administration Guide124 VMware, Inc.The!virtual!machine!startup!options!include:! At!System!Startup!–!Whether!this!virtual!machine!should!start!when!t

VMware, Inc. 125Chapter 3 Using the VMware Management Interface4To!specify!that!VMware!Tools!should!start!in!a!virtual!machine!before!the!next!virtual

Administration Guide126 VMware, Inc.Setting Startup and Shutdown Options by Modifying the Configuration File Directly (Advanced Users Only)To!add!or!c

VMware, Inc. 127Chapter 3 Using the VMware Management InterfaceTo add an option to the configuration file (.vmx)1Under!Verbose!Options,!click!the!link

Administration Guide128 VMware, Inc.For!example,!set!the!value!of!resume.repeatable!to!TRUE.5Click!OK!in!the!Options!dialog!box!to!save!the!change!to!

VMware, Inc. 129Chapter 3 Using the VMware Management InterfaceViewing a List of Connected UsersTo!see!a!list!of!users!that!are!connected!to!a!virtual

VMware, Inc. 13Contents Deactivate!a!Swap!File 258Migrate!a!VMFS!from!VMFS‐1!to!VMFS‐2 258Examples!Using!vmkfstools 259Create!a!new!file!system 259Ex

Administration Guide130 VMware, Inc.Viewing a Log of a Virtual Machine’s EventsA!log!of!the!15!most!recent!virtual!machine!events!is!available.!Click!

VMware, Inc. 131Chapter 3 Using the VMware Management InterfaceThe!log!shows!the!date!and!time!the!event!occurred!and!an!explanation!of!the!event.!Som

Administration Guide132 VMware, Inc.To add SCSI disks with IDs between 8 and 15 1On!the!Options!tab!for!the!virtual!machine,!click!the!link!under!Verb

VMware, Inc. 133Chapter 3 Using the VMware Management InterfaceUsing Parallel Ports in a Virtual MachineVirtual!machines!must!be!configured!so!that!pa

Administration Guide134 VMware, Inc.5Start!the!virtual!machine!using!the!remote!console.!You!might!see!a!message!warning!that!the!parallel!port!is!sta

VMware, Inc. 135Chapter 3 Using the VMware Management Interfacevirtual!machine!starts,!add!an!option!serial0.startConnected to!the!configuration!file!

Administration Guide136 VMware, Inc.point,!the!changes!can!be!undone!by!removing!the!redo!log.!Shut!down!the!guest!operating!system!and!power!off!the!

VMware, Inc. 137Chapter 3 Using the VMware Management InterfaceThe!Confirm:!Deleting!<Virtual!Machine>!dialog!box!appears.!All!the!files!to!be!d

Administration Guide138 VMware, Inc.Figure 3-11. Options tabThese!options!allow!you!to!configure!ESX!Server.!For!information!on!each!of!these!links,!

VMware, Inc. 139Chapter 3 Using the VMware Management InterfaceTo!start!the!Apache!server,!type:!/etc/init.d/httpd.vmware startTo!stop!the!Apache!serv

Administration Guide14 VMware, Inc. Saving!Your!Multipathing!Settings 277In!Case!of!Failover 277Settings!for!QLogic!Adapters 277Failover!in!Windows!2

Administration Guide140 VMware, Inc.2 Save!the!file!in!a!location!of!your! choice.3Use!the!browser!to!connect!to!the!server!you!want!to!manage.!4Click

VMware, Inc. 141Chapter 3 Using the VMware Management InterfaceChanging Your Virtual SCSI AdapterBy!default,!ESX!Server!assigns!the!BusLogic!virtual!S

Administration Guide142 VMware, Inc.Figure 3-12. File ManagerIn!the!left!pane!of!the!file!manager,!click!a!folder!to!display!its!contents.Some!file!a

VMware, Inc. 143Chapter 3 Using the VMware Management InterfaceWhen!you!start!a!long‐running!operation—for!example,!pasting!a!file!larger!than!10MB!af

Administration Guide144 VMware, Inc.! A!hyphen!(-)!indicates!that!the!setting!is!the!same!for!all!files!and!it!does!not!grant!permission.! A!blank!spa

VMware, Inc. 145Chapter 3 Using the VMware Management InterfaceCreating a Flagship UserYou!might!choose!to!have!a!virtual!machine!owned!by!a!“flagship

Administration Guide146 VMware, Inc.Registering a Virtual MachineVirtual!machines!created!on!the!server!are!automatically!registered.!If!you!imported!

VMware, Inc. 147Chapter 3 Using the VMware Management InterfaceA!message!indicates!that!the!virtual!machine!is!registered.5Click!Close!Window.!The!vir

Administration Guide148 VMware, Inc.Running Many Virtual Machines on ESX Server To!run!or!register!more!than!60!virtual!machines,!you!must!change!some

VMware, Inc. 149Chapter 3 Using the VMware Management Interface3Raise!the!vmware‐serverd!process!priority!to!‐15!so!that!it!can!connect!to!all!running

VMware, Inc. 15Contents Creating!Multinode!Network!Load!Balancing!Clusters!on!ESX!Server 302Creating!the!First!Node’s!Base!Virtual!Machine 302Install

Administration Guide150 VMware, Inc.Increasing the Timeout Value for the vmware-authd ProcessAs!root,!use!a!text!editor!and!add!the!following!configur

VMware, Inc. 151Chapter 3 Using the VMware Management InterfaceTo increase service console shares through the service console1Log!into!the!service!con

Administration Guide152 VMware, Inc.! Recover!from!catastrophic!failures!in!which!your!entire!virtual!machine!is!damaged.VMware!ESX!Server!provides!se

VMware, Inc. 153Chapter 3 Using the VMware Management InterfaceBacking Up Virtual Machines from the Service ConsoleYou!can!back!up!your!virtual!machin

Administration Guide154 VMware, Inc.Using Network-Based Replication ToolsYou!can!configure!any!enterprise!disk!storage!subsystems!to!replicate,!or!mir

VMware, Inc. 1675In!this!chapter,!the!following!sections!describe!aspects!of!using!the!VMware!Service!Console:! “Characteristics!of!the!VMware!Servic

Administration Guide168 VMware, Inc.Using DHCP for the Service Console The!recommended!setup!is!to!use!static!IP!addresses!for!the!service!console.!It

VMware, Inc. 169Chapter 5 Using the VMware Service ConsoleCommands Specific to ESX ServerIdentifying Network CardsThe!findnic!command!lets!you!send!ne

Administration Guide170 VMware, Inc.The!format!for!the!vmkfstools!command,!when!specifying!a!VMFS!volume!or!file,!is:vmkfstools <options> <pa

VMware, Inc. 171Chapter 5 Using the VMware Service Console!Table 5-1. Linux commands used on the service consoleCommand Example and Explanationcd Cha

Administration Guide16 VMware, Inc. Improving!Performance 329Improving!Slow!Performance 329Improving!Slow!Performance!on!ESX!Server 329Improving!Slow

Administration Guide172 VMware, Inc.Finding and Viewing FilesTable 5‐2!describes!some!common!Linux!commands!for!finding!and!viewing!files!that!can!als

VMware, Inc. 173Chapter 5 Using the VMware Service ConsoleManaging the Computer and Its UsersThe!root!user!or!super!user!(su)!can!run!all!these!comman

Administration Guide174 VMware, Inc.fdformat Do!a!floppy!disk!format.fdformat /dev/fd0Format!a!floppy!disk!in!the!first!floppy!disk!drive.groupadd Add

VMware, Inc. 175Chapter 5 Using the VMware Service ConsoleSetting File Permissions and OwnershipFiles!and!directories!on!the!service!console!can!have!

Administration Guide176 VMware, Inc.execute).!The!final!cluster!of!three!characters!(r--)!indicates!that!all!other!users!have!permission!to!read!the!f

VMware, Inc. 177Chapter 5 Using the VMware Service Console.Switching User NamesTable 5‐5!describes!the!common!Linux!commands!for!switching!user!names!

Administration Guide178 VMware, Inc.The!/proc/vmware!directory!contains!information!specific!to!the!running!of!the!ESX!Server!virtualization!layer!in!

VMware, Inc. 179Chapter 5 Using the VMware Service Consolemem Memory!parameters.!See!“Memory!Resource!Management”!on!page 345migration Reserved!for!fu

Administration Guide180 VMware, Inc.Getting Help for Service Console CommandsDetailed!usage!notes!for!most!service!console!commands!are!available!as!m

VMware, Inc. 181Chapter 5 Using the VMware Service Consoleit!can!be!configured!easily!to!use!LDAP,!NIS,!Kerberos,!or!another!distributed!authenticatio

VMware, Inc. 17Contents Determining!the!Amount!of!Memory!for!Each!NUMA!Node 359Determining!the!Amount!of!Memory!for!a!Virtual!Machine!on!a!NUMA!Node

Administration Guide182 VMware, Inc.Using Your Own Security Certificates when Securing Your Remote SessionsWhen!using!the!VMware!Remote!Console!or!the

VMware, Inc. 183Chapter 5 Using the VMware Service ConsoleThe!key!ports!for!use!of!the!VMware!Management!Interface!and!the!VMware!Remote!Console!are!t

Administration Guide184 VMware, Inc.Using Devices With ESX ServerIn!this!section,!we!discuss!considerations!when!using!devices!with!ESX!Server.Support

VMware, Inc. 185Chapter 5 Using the VMware Service ConsoleYou!can!also!find!the!device!name!linked!to!a!specific!controller!with!the!singular!vmhba_de

Administration Guide186 VMware, Inc.

VMware, Inc. 187 6You!can!modify!ESX!Server!configuration!options!by!logging!in!to!the!VMware!Management!Interface!as!root!and!clicking!the!Options!

Administration Guide188 VMware, Inc. Startup ProfileFrom!the!Options!tab!of!the!VMware!Management!Interface,!use!the!Startup!Profiles!option!to!creat

VMware, Inc. 189Chapter 6 Administering ESX Server Creating and Editing Virtual SwitchesYou!can!create!new!virtual!switches!or!edit!existing!switches

Administration Guide190 VMware, Inc. An!internal!adapter!is!created!for!the!virtual!switch.!A!notification!message !shows!“No!outbound!adapters.!Traf

VMware, Inc. 191Chapter 6 Administering ESX Server To change your VLAN processing settings1From!the!Options!tab,!select!Advanced!Settings.!The!Advanc

Administration Guide18 VMware, Inc.

Administration Guide192 VMware, Inc. Configuring Network Speed and Duplex SettingsWhen!you!use!the!VMware!Management!Interface!to!configure!network!s

VMware, Inc. 193Chapter 6 Administering ESX Server 3In!the!Home!Directory!field,!type!the!name!of!the!default!directory!for!the!user!in!the!service!c

Administration Guide194 VMware, Inc. To change information for or remove a user1Click!the!+!(plus)!sign!next!to!Users!to!expand!the!Users!list!and!cl

VMware, Inc. 195Chapter 6 Administering ESX Server access!and!enable!SSH,!telnet,!and!FTP!access!to!the!server!and!enable!NFS!file!sharing.!The!follo

Administration Guide196 VMware, Inc. SNMP ConfigurationFrom!the!Options!tab!of!the!VMware!Management!Interface,!use!the!SNMP!Configuration!option!to!

VMware, Inc. 197Chapter 6 Administering ESX Server storing!disks!for!virtual!machines.!You!can!also!edit,!label,!and!remove!existing!partitions.!When

Administration Guide198 VMware, Inc. If!a!core!dump!file!does!not!exist!on!the!disk,!you!are!prompted!to!create!one.!Creating!a!new!volume!consumes!a

VMware, Inc. 199Chapter 6 Administering ESX Server Editing a Disk PartitionSelect!a!partition!to!edit!and!click!Edit.Figure 6-5. Disks and LUNs tabI

Administration Guide200 VMware, Inc. Setting the Volume’s Access ModeThere!are!two!modes!for!accessing!VMFS!volumes:!public!or!shared.!! Public!mode!

VMware, Inc. 201Chapter 6 Administering ESX Server Removing a Disk Partition To!convert!the!partition!to!VMFS‐2,!click!the!Convert!to!VMFS‐2!link.!To

VMware, Inc. 19 PThis!preface!describes!the!contents!of!the!ESX!Server!Administration!Guide!and!provides!pointers!to!technical!and!educational!resou

Administration Guide202 VMware, Inc. The!status!of!each!path!is!indicated!by!a!symbol!that!corresponds!to!its!current!status:!!–!Indicates!that!the!p

VMware, Inc. 203Chapter 6 Administering ESX Server 3Click!OK!to!save!your!settings!and!return!to!the!Failover!Paths!tab.!The!name!of!the!failover!pol

Administration Guide204 VMware, Inc. ! Activation!policy.!The!swap!file!can!be!active!when!the!system!boots,!or!it!can!be!activated!manually.!To!deac

VMware, Inc. 205Chapter 6 Administering ESX Server Advanced SettingsFrom!the!Options!tab!of!the!VMware!Management!Interface,!use!the!Advanced!Setting

Administration Guide206 VMware, Inc. To!change!the!setting!for!a!VMkernel!configuration!parameter,!click!the!link!for!the!value.!The!VMkernel!Paramet

VMware, Inc. 207Chapter 6 Administering ESX Server Configuring the Service Console’s Processor UsageTo!review!and!configure!the!service!console’s!pro

Administration Guide208 VMware, Inc. That!is,!the!virtual!machine!has!three!times!as!much!CPU!time!as!the!service!console,!as!long!as!the!virtual!mac

VMware, Inc. 209Chapter 6 Administering ESX Server The!Shares!value!represents!a!relative!metric!for!controlling!disk!bandwidth,!where!this!value!is!

Administration Guide210 VMware, Inc. ! Service!Console!messages,!the!data!for!which!is!gathered!from!/var/log/messages!in!the!service!console.!See!“V

VMware, Inc. 211Chapter 6 Administering ESX Server Viewing VMkernel MessagesTo!view!the!VMkernel!message!log,!click!the!VMkernel!Log!tab.Figure 6-13.

VMware, Inc.3145 Porter DrivePalo Alto, CA 94304www.vmware.com2 VMware, Inc.Administration Guide You can find the most up-to-date technical documenta

Administration Guide20 VMware, Inc. About This BookThis!manual,!ESX!Server!Administration!Guide,!describes!how!to!administer!and!configure!ESX !Serve

Administration Guide212 VMware, Inc. Viewing Service Console LogsTo!view!service!console!messages,!click!the!Service!Console!Log!tab.Figure 6-14. Se

VMware, Inc. 213Chapter 6 Administering ESX Server Viewing the Availability ReportTo!view!the!server!availability!report,!click!the!Availability!Repo

Administration Guide214 VMware, Inc. How Memory Is UtilizedThe!Memory!Utilization!pane!shows!how!much!memory!is!being!used!by!the!ESX!Server!and!how!

VMware, Inc. 215Chapter 6 Administering ESX Server Many!VMware!ESX!Server!workloads!present!opportunities!for!sharing!memory!across!virtual!machines.

Administration Guide216 VMware, Inc. ! Swapped!–!Total!memory!forcibly!reclaimed!from!virtual!machines!and!stored!in!system!swap!files.! Balloon!Driv

VMware, Inc. 217Chapter 6 Administering ESX Server To!adjust!the!allocation!of!server!memory!to!a!virtual!machine,!click!the!virtual!machine!name.!Th

Administration Guide218 VMware, Inc. ! when!VMWare!Tools!starts!–!Wait!until!VMWare!Tools!is!operating!in!the!current!virtual!machine!before!starting

VMware, Inc. 219Chapter 6 Administering ESX Server The!System!Startup!and!Shutdown!Defaults!dialog!box!appears.3To!enable!system‐wide!startup!and!shu

Administration Guide220 VMware, Inc. Disabling the System’s Configuration SettingsTo disable the system-wide configuration settings1Under!System!Conf

VMware, Inc. 221Chapter 6 Administering ESX Server Figure 6-17. Virtual Machine Startup Sequence configuration pane To!specify!the!startup!order!for

VMware, Inc. 21Preface Technical Support and Education ResourcesThe!following!sections!describe!the!technical!support!resources!available!to!you:! “S

Administration Guide222 VMware, Inc. To reboot the computer where ESX Server is running1Log!in!to!the!management!interface!as!root.!The!URL!to!connec

VMware, Inc. 2237Simple!network!management!protocol!(SNMP)!is!a!communication!protocol!between!an!SNMP!client!(for!example,!a!workstation)!and!an!SNM

Administration Guide224 VMware, Inc.You!can!use!the!ESX!Server!SNMP!agent!with!any!management!software!that!can!load!and!compile!a!management!informat

VMware, Inc. 225Chapter 7 Using SNMP with ESX Server! State!of!the!virtual!machine’s!power!switch:!on!or!off! State!of!the!guest!operating!system:!on!

Administration Guide226 VMware, Inc.Overview of Setting Up ESX Server SNMPESX!Server!2.5!includes!two!daemons,!a!master!(snmpd),!and!a!subagent!(vmwar

VMware, Inc. 227Chapter 7 Using SNMP with ESX ServerConfiguring the ESX Server AgentYou!can!configure!the!ESX!Server!agent!in!two!ways,!described!in!t

Administration Guide228 VMware, Inc.4Make!sure!the!paths!to!the!snmpd!daemon!startup!script!and!its!configuration!file!are!correct.!If!either!of!these

VMware, Inc. 229Chapter 7 Using SNMP with ESX ServerTo use the VMware SNMP Daemon with Third Party Management Applications1Install!your!third!party!ma

Administration Guide230 VMware, Inc.The!second!command!starts!the!subagent!vmware-snmpd!daemon.By!default,!the!agents!start!and!run!as!background!proc

VMware, Inc. 231Chapter 7 Using SNMP with ESX Server! Set!up!appropriate!community!names!in!the!management!software.!These!must!correspond!to!the!valu

Administration Guide22 VMware, Inc. Online and Telephone SupportUse!online!support!to!submit!technical!support!requests,!view!your!product!and!contra

Administration Guide232 VMware, Inc.vmware.vmwVirtMachinesThis!group!consists!of!virtual!machine!configuration!information!in!six!tables.vmTable Cont

VMware, Inc. 233Chapter 7 Using SNMP with ESX ServerhbaTgtTable Contains!SCSI!targets!seen!by!this!virtual!machine.netTable Contains!network!adapter

Administration Guide234 VMware, Inc.cdromTable Contains!CD‐ROM!drives!seen!by!this!virtual!machine.vmware.vmwResourcesThis!group!contains!statistics!

VMware, Inc. 235Chapter 7 Using SNMP with ESX Servervmware.vmwResources.vmwMemory This!group!contains!RAM!information!in!three!variables!and!one!table

Administration Guide236 VMware, Inc.vmwHBATable Disk!adapter!and!target!information!table.vmware.vmwResources.vmwNetTableThis!group!contains!network!

VMware, Inc. 237Chapter 7 Using SNMP with ESX Servervmware.vmwProductSpecificThis!group!contains!variables!categorized!into!product‐specific!subgroups

Administration Guide238 VMware, Inc.vmware.vmwOIDThere!are!no!variables!in!this!group.!This!group!is!used!to!allocate!a!unique!identifier!for!the!prod

VMware, Inc. 239 8The!ESX!Server!virtualization!layer,!also!known!as!the!VMkernel,!runs!on!the!native!hardware.!It!manages!all!the!operating!systems

Administration Guide240 VMware, Inc. VMkernel Module Loader The!program!vmkload_mod!is!used!to!load!device!driver!and!network!shaper!modules!into!the

VMware, Inc. 241Chapter 8 Using VMkernel Device Modules The!format!of!<scsi-device-name>!is!<PCI-Bus>:<PCI-slot>.!-e--exportsymExpo

VMware, Inc. 23Preface A!problem!in!the!VMkernel!normally!causes!the!machine!to!display!an!error!screen!for!a!period!of!time!and!then!reboot.!If!you!

Administration Guide242 VMware, Inc. Preparing to Load Modules vmkload_mod -e /usr/lib/vmware/vmkmod/vmklinux linux This!command!must!be!given!before

VMware, Inc. 243Chapter 8 Using VMkernel Device Modules After!you!load!a!VMkernel!device!module,!an!entry!appears!in!/proc/vmware/net!or!/proc/vmware

Administration Guide244 VMware, Inc. As!an!example!of!passing!a!parameter!to!the!Emulex!device!driver,!identify!the!bus,!slot,!and!function!holding!t

VMware, Inc. 245 9This!chapter!contains!information!about!SCSI!disks,!accessed!by!local!SCSI!adapters,!or!on!a!Storage!Area!Network!(SAN)!by!Fibre!C

Administration Guide246 VMware, Inc. machines!in!nonpersistent,!undoable,!or!append!disk!modes.!For!information!on!disk!modes,!see!“Creating!a!New!Vi

VMware, Inc. 247Chapter 9 Storage and File Systems VMFS VolumesIn!ESX!Server!2.5,!a!VMFS‐2!volume!can!span!multiple!partitions,!across!the!same!or!mu

Administration Guide248 VMware, Inc. VMFS AccessibilityThere!are!two!modes!for!accessing!VMFS!volumes:!public!and!shared.! public!–!The!default!mode!

VMware, Inc. 249Chapter 9 Storage and File Systems 4Make!the!appropriate!changes,!and!click!OK.See!“Configuring!Storage:!Disk!Partitions!and!File!Sys

Administration Guide250 VMware, Inc. vmkfstools Syntax When Specifying a VMFS Volume or FileThe!format!for!the!vmkfstools!command,!when!specifying!a!

VMware, Inc. 251Chapter 9 Storage and File Systems Create a VMFS on the specified SCSI device-C --createfs [vmfs1|vmfs2]-b --blocksize #[gGmMkK] -n -

Administration Guide24 VMware, Inc.

Administration Guide252 VMware, Inc. Create a file with the specified size on the file system of the specified SCSI device-c --createfile #[gGmMkK]Th

VMware, Inc. 253Chapter 9 Storage and File Systems List the files on the file system on the specified device-l --list -h --human-readable‐M!‐‐verbose

Administration Guide254 VMware, Inc. Set the VMFS on the specified SCSI device to the specified mode-F --config [public|shared|writable]Public With!

VMware, Inc. 255Chapter 9 Storage and File Systems This!option!adds!another!physical!extent!(designated!by!<extension-SCSIDevice>),!starting!at

Administration Guide256 VMware, Inc. See!“Migrating!VMware!Workstation!and!VMware!GSX!Server!Virtual!Machines”!on!page 63!for!details!on!specifying!t

VMware, Inc. 257Chapter 9 Storage and File Systems Scans the specified vmhba adapter for devices and LUNs‐s!‐‐scan!<FC_SCSI_adapter>This!option

Administration Guide258 VMware, Inc. ESX!Server!does!not!activate!a!swap!file!after!it!is!created.!Use!vmkfstools!with!the!-w!option!to!activate!a!sw

VMware, Inc. 259Chapter 9 Storage and File Systems This!conversion!may!take!several!minutes.!When!your!prompt!returns,!the!conversion!is!complete.Bef

Administration Guide260 VMware, Inc. You!can!address!the!file!system!by!using!the!name!of!its!head!partition,!for!example,!vmhba1:3:0:1.Names a VMFS

VMware, Inc. 261Chapter 9 Storage and File Systems The!following!example!imports!a!GSX!Server!or!Workstation!virtual!disk!file!into!the!VMFS!volume!o

VMware, Inc. 25 1The!VMware!ESX!Server!Administration!Guide!provides!information!on!how!to!use!VMware!ESX!Server!after!it!has!been!installed.!For!in

Administration Guide262 VMware, Inc. The!Hardware!tab!for!this!virtual!machine!appears.3Click!Add!Device!to!start!the!Add!Device!wizard.4Click!Hard!D

VMware, Inc. 263Chapter 9 Storage and File Systems 6Specify!the!following:a Select!Use!Metadata!to!enable!access!to!the!disks!metadata!file!informati

Administration Guide264 VMware, Inc. Each!SCSI!controllerʹs!subdirectory!contains!entries!for!the!SCSI!devices!on!that!controller,!numbered!by!SCSI!t

VMware, Inc. 265Chapter 9 Storage and File Systems can!immediately!access!the!necessary!data!when!the!failover!occurs.!See!“Configuration!for!Cluster

Administration Guide266 VMware, Inc. To change the bus sharing setting1Log!into!the!management!interface!as!the!appropriate!user!and!be!sure!the!virt

VMware, Inc. 267Chapter 9 Storage and File Systems though!these!FC!adapters!are!dedicated!to!virtual!machines,!the!LUNs!on!the!SANs!are!visible!to!sy

Administration Guide268 VMware, Inc. To change VMkernel configuration options1Log!in!to!the!VMware!Management!Interface!as!root.The!Status!Monitor!ap

VMware, Inc. 269Chapter 9 Storage and File Systems In!this!example,!vmhba0!and!vmhba2!only!scan!LUNs!0‐7,!but!vmhba1!and!vmhba3!scan!all!LUNs!that!ar

Administration Guide270 VMware, Inc. ! LUN!masking!–!With!LUN!masking,!each!LUN!is!assigned!and!accessed!by!a!specific!list!of!connections.!Be!sure!t

VMware, Inc. 271Chapter 9 Storage and File Systems Link Up - Ready:PortID 0x21900FabricCurrent speed 1Glpfc0t00 DID 021500 WWPN 20:00:00:60:16:3c:ad:

Administration Guide26 VMware, Inc. Figure 1-1. ESX Server core architectureVirtualizationThe!VMware!virtualization!layer!brings!hardware!virtualiza

Administration Guide272 VMware, Inc. pbind.pl ScriptThe!pbind.pl!script!is!located!in!the!/usr/sbin!directory.!As!root,!type!pbind.pl! to!see!the!lis

VMware, Inc. 273Chapter 9 Storage and File Systems Figure 9-1. HBA failover pathsIn!the!diagram!in!Figure 9‐1,!there!are!multiple,!redundant!paths!f

Administration Guide274 VMware, Inc. Viewing the Current Multipathing StateYou!can!view!your!current!multipathing!configuration!with!the!vmkmultipath

VMware, Inc. 275Chapter 9 Storage and File Systems vmhba1:0:6 onvmhba1:1:6 onvmhba1:2:6 onDisk vmhba0:3:3 (0 MB) has 2 paths. Poli

Administration Guide276 VMware, Inc. Type!the!following!command!to!select!the!fixed!policy!for!a!disk,!in!this!example,!vmhba0:0:0.!# vmkmultipath -s

VMware, Inc. 277Chapter 9 Storage and File Systems Saving Your Multipathing SettingsYour!multipathing!settings!are!saved!when!shutting!down!ESX!Serve

Administration Guide278 VMware, Inc. Failover in Windows 2000 and Windows Server 2003 Guest Operating SystemsFor!the!Windows!2000!and!Windows!Server!

VMware, Inc. 27910In!this!chapter,!the!following!sections!describe!how!to!use!VMware!ESX!Server!to!provide!clustered!virtual!machines!in!a!variety!of

Administration Guide280 VMware, Inc.Applications that Can Use ClusteringTo!take!advantage!of!clustering!services,!applications!need!to!be!able!to!reco

VMware, Inc. 281Chapter 10 Configuration for ClusteringClustering Software in Virtual MachinesNetwork!Load!Balancing,!Microsoft!Clustering!Service,!an

VMware, Inc. 27Chapter 1 Introduction to VMware ESX Server CPU VirtualizationEach!virtual!machine!appears!to!run!on!its!own!CPU,!or!set!of!CPUs,!full

Administration Guide282 VMware, Inc.Figure 10-2. Two-node cluster using two physical machines; each node running clustering software.Consolidating Cl

VMware, Inc. 283Chapter 10 Configuration for ClusteringFigure 10-4. Standby host using three virtual machines on a single physical machine; all runni

Administration Guide284 VMware, Inc.! QLogic!and!Emulex!HBAs!in!a!clustered!environment!must!be!dedicated!to!VMkernel.Important Notes! Each!virtual!ma

VMware, Inc. 285Chapter 10 Configuration for ClusteringTo create a base virtual machine in the first node1Access!the!VMware!Management!Interface!at:!h

Administration Guide286 VMware, Inc.Virtual Disk ConfigurationYou!need!a!shared!SCSI!controller!and!shared!SCSI!disks!for!shared!access!to!clustered!s

VMware, Inc. 287Chapter 10 Configuration for Clustering3Click!Add!Device.4Click!Network!Adapter.5From!the!Device!Binding!drop‐down!list!choose!vmnet_0

Administration Guide288 VMware, Inc.2Shut!down!the!guest!operating!system!and!power!off!the!virtual!machine.3Remove!the!Windows!2000!Advanced!Server!C

VMware, Inc. 289Chapter 10 Configuration for Clustering9From!the!Virtual!Disk!Image!drop‐down!list,!choose!cluster2.vmdk.!10 Choose!the!virtual!SCSI!n

Administration Guide290 VMware, Inc.This!attaches!the!second!Ethernet!adapter!to!a!private!network!between!the!cluster!nodes.5Click!OK.You!have!create

VMware, Inc. 291Chapter 10 Configuration for Clustering10 To!add!a!cluster!services!account!in!the!domain,!go!to!Programs!>!Administrative!Tools!&g

Administration Guide28 VMware, Inc. Private Virtual Ethernet Networks (VMnets)You!can!use!VMnet!connections!for!high‐speed!networking!between!virtual

Administration Guide292 VMware, Inc.Running Microsoft Cluster ServiceMicrosoft!Cluster!Service!should!operate!normally!in!the!virtual!machine!after!it

VMware, Inc. 293Chapter 10 Configuration for Clustering! In!“Network!Device!Configuration”!on!page 286,!in!Step 5!use!vmnic1!instead!of!vmnet_0!as!the

Administration Guide294 VMware, Inc.Cloning the Virtual MachineNow!that!you!have!a!virtual!machine!with!Windows!2000!Advanced!Server!installed,!clone!

VMware, Inc. 295Chapter 10 Configuration for ClusteringThis!concludes!the!cloning!process.!Continue!with!creating!the!second!node!virtual!machine.Crea

Administration Guide296 VMware, Inc.6 Choose!the!virtual!SCSI!node!to!which!you!want!to!attach!the!raw!disk.7Click!OK.A!new!virtual!disk!and!SCSI!Cont

VMware, Inc. 297Chapter 10 Configuration for ClusteringTable 10‐1!summarizes!additional,!important!points!for!using!Microsoft!Clustering!Software!with

Administration Guide298 VMware, Inc.Clustereddisks!(Continued)Clustered!non‐pass‐through!raw!device!mapping! Revision!must!be!ESX!2.5!or!higher.! Must

VMware, Inc. 299Chapter 10 Configuration for ClusteringRunning Microsoft Cluster ServiceMicrosoft!Cluster!Service!should!operate!normally!in!the!virtu

Administration Guide300 VMware, Inc.VMFS Locking and SCSI ReservationFor!a!shared!SCSI!disk!that!can!be!accessed!by!multiple!ESX!Server!machines,!two!

VMware, Inc. 301Chapter 10 Configuration for ClusteringSubstitute!the!name!of!the!appropriate!disk!or!VMFS!in!place!of!vmhba0:1:0:0.Locking at SCSI Di

VMware, Inc. 29Chapter 1 Introduction to VMware ESX Server Figure 1-3. virtual Machine configurationIn!Figure 1‐3,!each!virtual!machine!is!configure

Administration Guide302 VMware, Inc.Using LUN Masking to Avoid Locking IssuesLocking!issues!are!likely!to!happen!on!a!SAN,!where!multiple!users!may!be

VMware, Inc. 303Chapter 10 Configuration for Clustering3Keep!the!default!Guest!Operating!System!selection!of!Microsoft!Windows!2000!Server.!4 Change!t

Administration Guide304 VMware, Inc.To add a virtual network adapter1On!the!Hardware!tab!for!this!virtual!machine,!click!Add!Device.2Click!Network!Ada

VMware, Inc. 305Chapter 10 Configuration for ClusteringTo clone the virtual machine using the management interface1Run!sysprep.exe,!which!is!available

Administration Guide306 VMware, Inc.Repeat!this!command!using!a!different!target!filename!to!create!more!than!one!copy.This!concludes!the!cloning!proc

VMware, Inc. 307Chapter 10 Configuration for ClusteringThis!concludes!the!cloning!process.!Continue!with!creating!the!second!node!virtual!machineRepea

Administration Guide308 VMware, Inc.4Click!OK.You!have!finished!creating!and!configuring!the!new!node’s!virtual!machine.Go!to!the!management!interface

VMware, Inc. 309Chapter 10 Configuration for Clustering! Primary!IP!Address:!Address!for!the!cluster!as!a!whole.!This!is!the!address!that!the!clients!

Administration Guide310 VMware, Inc.

VMware, Inc. 311 11This!chapter!guides!you!through!the!basic!concepts!of!networking!in!the!ESX!Server!environment!and!how!to!set!up!and!configure!a!

VMware, Inc. 3Contents ContentsP Preface 19About!This!Book 20Intended!Audience 20Document!Feedback 20Conventions!and!Abbreviations 20Abbreviations!Us

Administration Guide30 VMware, Inc. Service ConsoleThis!section!discusses!the!service!console!functions,!processes,!and!files.Service Console Functio

Administration Guide312 VMware, Inc. How VMware ESX Server Generates MAC AddressesEach!virtual!network!adapter!in!a!virtual!machine!gets!a!unique!MAC

VMware, Inc. 313Chapter 11 Networking or!of!different!virtual!machines)!having!the!same!predetermined!generated!MAC!addresses!and!your!virtual!machin

Administration Guide314 VMware, Inc. VMkernel Network Card Locator When!network!interface!cards!are!assigned!to!the!VMkernel,!it!can!be!difficult!to!

VMware, Inc. 315Chapter 11 Networking Examples findnic vmnic0 10.2.0.5 10.2.0.4 Binds!VMkernel!device!vmnic0!to!IP!address!10.2.0.5!and!tries!to!ping

Administration Guide316 VMware, Inc. To enable the setting of the PromiscuousAllowed configuration variable1Click!the!Edit!Configuration!tab!of!the!V

VMware, Inc. 317Chapter 11 Networking virtual!machines’!resources!available!to!the!service!console!and!allowing!virtual!machines!to!share!the!network

Administration Guide318 VMware, Inc. 10.2.0.4!for!the!network!accessed!through!the!vmnic1!adapter,!use!the!following!command:!ifconfig eth1 up 10.2.0

VMware, Inc. 319Chapter 11 Networking The!lines!you!add!to!/etc/rc.d/rc.local!would!be:!insmod vmxnet_console devName=”vmnic1;vmnet_0”ifup eth1ifup e

Administration Guide320 VMware, Inc. If!you!are!unsure!what!name!the!VMkernel!has!assigned!to!the!network!adapter!that!formerly!was!eth0!in!the!servi

VMware, Inc. 321Chapter 11 Networking Bind!together!similar!physical!adapters!whenever!possible.!ESX!Server!uses!only!features!or!capabilities!common

VMware, Inc. 31Chapter 1 Introduction to VMware ESX Server ! Authentication!daemon!(vmauthd)!–!Authenticates!remote!users!of!the!management!interface

Administration Guide322 VMware, Inc. 2Search!/etc/vmware/devnames.conf:$ grep 2:04.0 /etc/vmware/devnames.conf002:04.0 nic vmnic0The!device!name!is!v

VMware, Inc. 323Chapter 11 Networking To set the load balancing mode for bond1 to IP address load balancing1Log!into!the!Service!Console!as!root.2Edi

Administration Guide324 VMware, Inc. This!basic!failure!detection!mode!passively!monitors!an!adapter!for!loss!of!physical!connection!to!an!external!s

VMware, Inc. 325Chapter 11 Networking 4 Save!the!file!and!close!it.ESX!server!broadcasts!beacons!with!the!same!frequency!for!all!switches.!The!Switch

Administration Guide326 VMware, Inc. connections.!ESX!Server!can!detect!only!that!the!link!has!been!physically!restored,!but!not!that!the!port!is!blo

VMware, Inc. 327 12VMware!ESX!Server!allows!you!to!optimize!the!performance!of!your!virtual!machines!by!managing!a!virtual!machine’s!resource!alloca

Administration Guide328 VMware, Inc. ! “Using!Your!NUMA!System”!on!page 358! “Sizing!Memory!on!the!Server”!on!page 363! “Managing!Network!Bandwidth”!

VMware, Inc. 329Chapter 12 VMware ESX Server Resource Management Improving PerformanceBefore!deploying!all!your!virtual!machines,!we!suggest!that!you

Administration Guide330 VMware, Inc. If!the!problem!is!VMkernel!swapping,!make!sure!VMware!Tools!is!installed.!Place!the!swap!file!in!a!different!phy

VMware, Inc. 331Chapter 12 VMware ESX Server Resource Management CPU Resource ManagementVMware!ESX!Server!provides!dynamic!control!over!both!the!exec

Administration Guide32 VMware, Inc. Familiarizing Yourself with ESX ServerTable 1‐1!includes!tasks!from!the!VMware!Management!Interface!for!an!Admini

Administration Guide332 VMware, Inc. entitled!to!consume!twice!as!much!CPU!time,!subject!to!their!respective!minimum!and!maximum!percentages.You!may!

VMware, Inc. 333Chapter 12 VMware ESX Server Resource Management you!deploy!an!additional!15!virtual!machines,!these!five!initial!virtual!machines!wi

Administration Guide334 VMware, Inc. By!default,!the!setting!for!high!is!twice!that!of!normal,!or!four!times!that!of!low.!For!example,!a!virtual!mach

VMware, Inc. 335Chapter 12 VMware ESX Server Resource Management maximum!usage!by!a!virtual!machine.!Shares!represent!relative!importance!or!priority

Administration Guide336 VMware, Inc. 3Define!the!hyperthreading!option:hyperthreading = “true”If!you!previously!defined!this!option,!change!the!curre

VMware, Inc. 337Chapter 12 VMware ESX Server Resource Management 2Click!the!CPU!tab.!3Click!Edit.The!CPU!Resource!Settings!dialog!box!appears.4Enter!

Administration Guide338 VMware, Inc. sched.cpu.shares = <n> This!configuration!file!option!specifies!the!initial!share!allocation!for!a!virtual

VMware, Inc. 339Chapter 12 VMware ESX Server Resource Management cpu.htsharing = <mode>Setting!the!htSharing!option!configures!the!Hyper‐Thread

Administration Guide340 VMware, Inc. /proc/vmware/vm/<id>/cpu/max Reading!from!this!file!reports!the!maximum!CPU!percentage!allocated!to!the!vi

VMware, Inc. 341Chapter 12 VMware ESX Server Resource Management ! none!–!Each!CPU!of!the!virtual!machine!requires!an!entire!physical!CPU!(two!logica

VMware, Inc. 33Chapter 1 Introduction to VMware ESX Server Create!“golden!master”!(template)!virtual!disks.To!manage!ESX!Server!more!efficiently,!cre

Administration Guide342 VMware, Inc. Examples Suppose!that!we!are!interested!in!the!CPU!allocation!for!the!virtual!machine!with!ID!103.!To!query!the!

VMware, Inc. 343Chapter 12 VMware ESX Server Resource Management Figure 12-1. Status Monitor tabThe!System!Summary!section!shows!systemwide!informat

Administration Guide344 VMware, Inc. The!output!above!is!shown!with!additional!line!breaks,!to!avoid!wrapping!long!lines.!All!times!are!reported!in!s

VMware, Inc. 345Chapter 12 VMware ESX Server Resource Management time!it!has!consumed!about!265!seconds!of!processor!time,!including!about!3!seconds!

Administration Guide346 VMware, Inc. Allocating Memory ResourcesThree!parameters!control!the!allocation!of!memory!resources!to!each!virtual!machine:!

VMware, Inc. 347Chapter 12 VMware ESX Server Resource Management Setting Memory Minimum, Maximum, and SharesYou!can!set!a!memory!minimum,!memory!maxi

Administration Guide348 VMware, Inc. Swap!space!must!be!reserved!on!disk!for!the!remaining!virtual!machine!memory—that!is!the!difference!between!the!

VMware, Inc. 349Chapter 12 VMware ESX Server Resource Management Virtual!machines!that!are!not!actively!using!their!allocated!memory!automatically!ha

Administration Guide350 VMware, Inc. Swapping!is!used!to!forcibly!reclaim!memory!from!a!virtual!machine!when!no!vmmemctl!driver!is!available.!This!mi

VMware, Inc. 351Chapter 12 VMware ESX Server Resource Management technique!to!securely!eliminate!redundant!copies!of!memory!pages.!With!memory!sharin

Administration Guide34 VMware, Inc. Table 1‐2!includes!tasks!from!the!VMware!Management!Interface!for!a!virtual!machine!user,!who!creates!and!modifie

Administration Guide352 VMware, Inc. The!Memory!Resource!Settings!dialog!box!appears.4Enter!the!settings,!and!click!OK.!Log!in!as!root!to!change!reso

VMware, Inc. 353Chapter 12 VMware ESX Server Resource Management For!example,!if!you!created!a!virtual!machine!with!a!maximum!memory!of!256MB,!and!wi

Administration Guide354 VMware, Inc. current!target!size,!memory!overhead!for!virtualization!and!the!amount!of!allocated!memory!actively!in!use.!All!

VMware, Inc. 355Chapter 12 VMware ESX Server Resource Management This!ESX!Server!option!specifies!the!periodic!time!interval,!in!seconds,!for!automat

Administration Guide356 VMware, Inc. Monitoring Memory StatisticsThe!VMware!Management!Interface!provides!information!on!the!current!use!of!RAM!by!th

VMware, Inc. 357Chapter 12 VMware ESX Server Resource Management The!preceding!output!is!shown!with!additional!line!breaks,!in!order!to!avoid!wrappin

Administration Guide358 VMware, Inc. the!virtual!machine!is!approximately!187MB.!About!14MB!of!overhead!memory!is!currently!being!used!for!virtualiza

VMware, Inc. 359Chapter 12 VMware ESX Server Resource Management Obtaining NUMA StatisticsThis!command!checks!for!the!presence!of!a!NUMA!system.!If!i

Administration Guide360 VMware, Inc. Here’s!an!example!of!what!you!might!see:In!this!example,!the!total!memory!managed!by!the!VMkernel!for!the!NUMA!n

VMware, Inc. 361Chapter 12 VMware ESX Server Resource Management other!nodes.!ESX!Server!rebalances!the!nodes!by!changing!a!virtual!machine’s!“home”!

VMware, Inc. 35Chapter 1 Introduction to VMware ESX Server Working With ESX ServerThis!section!includes!information!on!maintenance!tasks,!performance

Administration Guide362 VMware, Inc. where!<set>!comprises!CPU!numbers!on!a!single!NUMA!node.!This!entry!binds!all!virtual!CPUs!in!this!virtual

VMware, Inc. 363Chapter 12 VMware ESX Server Resource Management ! procfs!interface!on!the!service!console:/proc/vmware/vm/<id>/mem/affinityWri

Administration Guide364 VMware, Inc. with!testing!to!confirm!that!memory!sizes!computed!according!to!these!guidelines!achieve!the!results!you!want.ES

VMware, Inc. 365Chapter 12 VMware ESX Server Resource Management The!dynamic!memory!allocation!for!a!virtual!machine!is!bounded!by!its!minimum!and!ma

Administration Guide366 VMware, Inc. Memory OvercommitmentIn!many!consolidated!workloads,!it!is!rare!for!all!virtual!machines!to!be!actively!using!al

VMware, Inc. 367Chapter 12 VMware ESX Server Resource Management If!memory!sharing!achieves!a!10!percent!savings!(410MB),!the!total!memory!overhead!d

Administration Guide368 VMware, Inc. 2Click!the!Network!tab.!3Click!Edit.4The!Network!Resource!Settings!dialog!box!appears.5Enter!the!settings,!and!c

VMware, Inc. 369Chapter 12 VMware ESX Server Resource Management Contains!network!filtering!status!information,!including!a!list!of! all!available!fi

Administration Guide370 VMware, Inc. second,!maximum!burst!size!of!<burstSize>!bytes,!and!an!optional!peak!bandwidth!enforcement!period!<per

VMware, Inc. 371Chapter 12 VMware ESX Server Resource Management Managing Disk Bandwidth ESX!Server!provides!dynamic!control!over!the!relative!amount

Administration Guide36 VMware, Inc. Table 1‐4!includes!ESX!Server!performance‐related!tasks!for!an!Administrator!(root!user).Use!scripts!to!schedule!

Administration Guide372 VMware, Inc. Managing Disk Bandwidth from the Management InterfaceYou!can!view!and!change!settings!from!the!virtual!machine!d

VMware, Inc. 373Chapter 12 VMware ESX Server Resource Management To edit configurations parameters in the management interface1Click!the!arrow!to!the

Administration Guide374 VMware, Inc. Managing Disk Bandwidth from the Service ConsoleUse!the!following!guidelines!for!the!service!console!commands!to

VMware, Inc. 375Index IndexAAccessSNMP controls 230accessto configuration file 181Accessibilityof virtual disks 264activation policyswap file 204adap

Administration Guide376 VMware, Inc. passing from console operating sys-tem to guest 52Commit 253Communicationfrom console operating system to guest

VMware, Inc. 377Index FAStT storageconfiguring for failover in a cluster 309File manager 141cut, copy and paste 142renaming files and folders 143sett

Administration Guide378 VMware, Inc. service console messages 212VMkernel messages 211VMkernel warnings 210LUN 201LUNsdetecting 268setting multipathi

VMware, Inc. 379Index vmnet adapter 108vmnic adapter 107Network drivermanual speed settings 315vlance 108vmxnet 108Network label 320NFS 246nfshaper 2

Administration Guide380 VMware, Inc. SSANs 266–270configuration options 267–269persistent bindings 270troubleshooting 269–270scp 246Scriptsrunning du

VMware, Inc. 381Index Speedsetting for network driver 315SSHTCP/IP port 183Startup ProfileHyper-Threading 335Stringpassing from console operating sys

VMware, Inc. 37Chapter 1 Introduction to VMware ESX Server Remove!unnecessary!programs!or!services!from!your!virtual!machines.Remove!unnecessary!prog

Administration Guide382 VMware, Inc. console 185Virtual Machine Wizard 40Virtual machinesspecial power options 157Virtual network 316Virtual switches

VMware, Inc. 383Index browsers required 84changing virtual machine power state 88configuration options 122configuring for Windows systems 82connected

Administration Guide384 VMware, Inc.

VMware, Inc. 155 4The!VMware!Remote!Console!gives!you!a!direct!window!from!a!management!workstation!into!an!individual!virtual!machine!running!under

Administration Guide156 VMware, Inc. Starting the Remote ConsoleSelect!the!appropriate!procedure!for!your!remote!workstation!operating!system.To star

VMware, Inc. 157Chapter 4 Using the VMware Remote Console Running a Virtual Machine Using the Remote Console When!you!view!your!virtual!machine!throu

Administration Guide158 VMware, Inc. Similarly,!when!you!power!off!the!virtual!machine,!you!can!shut!down!the!guest!operating!system,!which!gracefull

VMware, Inc. 159Chapter 4 Using the VMware Remote Console Option for Resuming a Virtual MachineChoose!from!the!following!options!when!resuming!a!virt

Administration Guide160 VMware, Inc. Figure 4-4. VMware Tools Properties: Options tab! Time!synchronization!–!Specify!whether!to!synchronize!the! ti

VMware, Inc. 161Chapter 4 Using the VMware Remote Console Connecting Devices with VMware ToolsYou!can!enable!or!disable!removable!devices!in!the!Devi

Administration Guide38 VMware, Inc. Table 1‐5!includes!some!general!troubleshooting!information.\Table 1-5. TroubleshootingProblem SuggestionsCan’t!

Administration Guide162 VMware, Inc. Choosing Scripts for VMware Tools to Run During Power State ChangesThrough!VMware!Tools,!you!can!run!scripts!tha

VMware, Inc. 163Chapter 4 Using the VMware Remote Console ! To!edit!a!script,!click!Edit.!The!script!opens!in!your!default!editor!to!make!your!change

Administration Guide164 VMware, Inc. Viewing Information About VMware ToolsOn!the!About!tab,!you!see!general!information!about!VMware!Tools!installed

VMware, Inc. 165Chapter 4 Using the VMware Remote Console Cutting, Copying, and Pasting Make!sure!you!installed!and!started!VMware!Tools!in!your!virt

Administration Guide166 VMware, Inc. Figure 4-8. Virtual machine suspendedYou!can!restore!a!suspended!virtual!machine!in!two!ways:!! With!a!remote!c

VMware, Inc. 39 2‘This!chapter!describes!how!to!create!and!configure!virtual!machines!and!install!the!VMware!Remote!Console.!It!contains!the!followi

Administration Guide4 VMware, Inc. Installing!a!Guest!Operating!System!and!VMware!Tools 43Installing!a!Guest!Operating!System!in!a!Virtual!Machine 43

Administration Guide40 VMware, Inc. The!Add!Virtual!Machine!wizard!guides!you!through!the!basic!steps!to!create!a!virtual!machine!on!your!server.!Any

VMware, Inc. 41Chapter 2 Creating and Configuring Virtual Machines 5Click!Next.6In!the!Processors!list,!choose!the!number!of!virtual!CPUs!in!your!vir

Administration Guide42 VMware, Inc. cIn!the!Capacity!field,!specify!the!size!of!the!virtual!disk!in!MB.!The!default!entry!indicates!the!lesser!of!eit

VMware, Inc. 43Chapter 2 Creating and Configuring Virtual Machines Installing a Guest Operating System and VMware Tools This!section!describes!the!fo

Administration Guide44 VMware, Inc. Installing a Guest Operating System on a Formatted Raw DiskIf!you!try!to!install!a!guest!operating!system!on!a!ra

VMware, Inc. 45Chapter 2 Creating and Configuring Virtual Machines To install VMware Tools in a Windows Server 2003 guest1 Choose!Settings!>!VMwar

Administration Guide46 VMware, Inc. To Install VMware Tools in a Windows 2000 guest 1 Choose!Settings!>!VMware!Tools!Install!to!connect!the!virtua

VMware, Inc. 47Chapter 2 Creating and Configuring Virtual Machines If!you!are!installing!on!a!virtual!machine!that!was!created!with!VMware!Workstatio

Administration Guide48 VMware, Inc. To install VMware Tools in a NetWare 6.0 SP3, 6.5, or 5.1 SP6 guest1Power!on!the!virtual!machine.!2 Choose!File!&

VMware, Inc. 49Chapter 2 Creating and Configuring Virtual Machines To start VMware Tools in a Red Hat Linux 7.1 guest using GNOME, for example1Open!t

VMware, Inc. 5Contents Registering!Your!Virtual!Machines 69Installing!the!Remote!Console!Software 70Third!Party!Software!Compatibility 71Configuring!

Administration Guide50 VMware, Inc. Synchronizing the Time Between the Guest and Service ConsolesThe!guest!service!can!synchronize!the!date!and!time!

VMware, Inc. 51Chapter 2 Creating and Configuring Virtual Machines Shutting Down or Restarting a Virtual Machine from the VMware Management Interface

Administration Guide52 VMware, Inc. executes!by!modifying!the!/etc/vmware/dualconf.vm!startup!script!in!the!guest!to!start!the!guest!service!with!the

VMware, Inc. 53Chapter 2 Creating and Configuring Virtual Machines have!the!guest!service!retrieve!this!string,!which!can!be!used!by!your!script!to!s

Administration Guide54 VMware, Inc. ! Boot!a!Linux!virtual!machine!over!the!network!and!run! it!diskless.!Use!PXE!with!your!virtual!machine!in!conjun

VMware, Inc. 55Chapter 2 Creating and Configuring Virtual Machines Configuring a Virtual Machine to Use the LSI Logic SCSI AdapterESX!Server!virtual!

Administration Guide56 VMware, Inc. To add the LSI Logic SCSI Adapter to the configuration file1 Connect!to!the!service!console!and,!using!a!text!edi

VMware, Inc. 57Chapter 2 Creating and Configuring Virtual Machines in!“Configuring!the!LSI!Logic!SCSI!Adapter!in!a!Linux!Guest!Operating!System”!on!p

Administration Guide58 VMware, Inc. Shut down and power off the virtual machine, then edit the configuration file. Switch the original BusLogic adapt

VMware, Inc. 59Chapter 2 Creating and Configuring Virtual Machines For!an!existing!Linux!virtual!machine!with!the!modified!configuration,!the!guest!n

Administration Guide6 VMware, Inc. Unregistering!a!Virtual!Machine 93Deleting!a!Virtual!Machine 93Configuring!VMware!ESX!Server 93Using!Common!Contro

Administration Guide60 VMware, Inc. ! Boot!loader!might!not!have!been!installed!or!was!not!installed!correctly,!which!results!in!the!loader!loading!t

VMware, Inc. 61Chapter 2 Creating and Configuring Virtual Machines ! The!guest!operating!system!must!support!multiprocessor!systems.!Examples!include

Administration Guide62 VMware, Inc. Downgrading to One Virtual ProcessorVMware!ESX!Server!does!not!support!downgrading!a!multiprocessor!virtual!machi

VMware, Inc. 63Chapter 2 Creating and Configuring Virtual Machines 3Click!the!Options!tab!and,!under!Verbose!Options,!click!the!link.!4 Change!the!va

Administration Guide64 VMware, Inc. Import!the!virtual!disks!and!any!redo!logs!to!the!server!and!create!a!new!virtual!machine!configuration.!See!“Imp

VMware, Inc. 65Chapter 2 Creating and Configuring Virtual Machines When!you!install!VMware!Tools!in!the!VMware!ESX!Server!virtual!machine,!you!can!se

Administration Guide66 VMware, Inc. Otherwise,!if!you!do!not!add!the!new!geometry!information!to!the!configuration!file,!when!you!power!on!the!virtua

VMware, Inc. 67Chapter 2 Creating and Configuring Virtual Machines To import a virtual machine into VMware ESX Server1Make!sure!you!have!access!to!th

Administration Guide68 VMware, Inc. 7 Select!the!newly!imported!disk!file!(.dsk!or!.vmdk),!and! click!Edit!Properties.8 Change!the!user!and!group!nam

VMware, Inc. 69Chapter 2 Creating and Configuring Virtual Machines Workstation!4!does!not!support!the!LSILogic!SCSI!adapter.!To!use!the!SCSI!adapter!

VMware, Inc. 7Contents Setting!Startup!and!Shutdown!Options!by!Modifying!the!Configuration!File!Directly!(Advanced!Users!Only) 126Viewing!a!List!of!C

Administration Guide70 VMware, Inc. To!register!the!virtual!machines!from!the!service!console,!use!this!command:vmware-cmd -s register /<configpat

VMware, Inc. 71Chapter 2 Creating and Configuring Virtual Machines 4 Change!to!the!directory!where!the!archive!was!unpacked.cd vmware-console-distrib

Administration Guide72 VMware, Inc. You!perform!these!power!operations!from!the!toolbar!buttons!and!menus!in!the!consoles.!For!more!information!on!ch

VMware, Inc. 73Chapter 2 Creating and Configuring Virtual Machines Configuring Virtual MachinesKey!configuration!settings!for!an!existing!virtual!mac

Administration Guide74 VMware, Inc. Recommended Configuration Options This!section!details!options!that!can!influence!the!performance!of!your!virtual

VMware, Inc. 75Chapter 2 Creating and Configuring Virtual Machines targeted!disk!is!busy,!rather!than!unavailable,!may!cause!mirroring!programs!to!re

Administration Guide76 VMware, Inc. Figure 2-2. UUID dialog boxThis!dialog!box!has!four!options:! If!you!moved!this!virtual!machine,!you!can!keep!th

VMware, Inc. 77Chapter 2 Creating and Configuring Virtual Machines If!the!UUID!does!not !match!the!value!of!uuid.location,!the!newly!generated!value!

Administration Guide78 VMware, Inc. If!the!virtual!machine’s!UUID!has!been!set!to!a!specific!value,!the!configuration!file!has!a!line!that!begins!wit

VMware, Inc. 793You!can!manage!and!configure!virtual!machines!using!either!the!Service!Console!or!the!VMware!Management!Interface.!The!the!VMware!Man

Administration Guide8 VMware, Inc. Using!Hardware!or!Software!Disk!Snapshots 153Using!Network‐Based!Replication!Tools 1544 Using!the!VMware!Remote!Co

Administration Guide80 VMware, Inc.! “Setting!a!MIME!Type!to!Launch!the!VMware!Remote!Console”!on!page 139! “Editing!a!Virtual!Machine’s!Configuration

VMware, Inc. 81Chapter 3 Using the VMware Management InterfaceAfter!your!user!name!and!password!are!authorized!by!the!management!interface,!the!Status

Administration Guide82 VMware, Inc.3Under!the!line!PerlSetEnv vmware_SESSION_LENGTH 60,!do!one!of!the!following.! To!set!the!period!to!1!minute,!add!t

VMware, Inc. 83Chapter 3 Using the VMware Management InterfaceTo disable the option to launch the remote console automatically1In!the!Internet!Explore

Administration Guide84 VMware, Inc.When!you!use!Internet!Explorer!6.0!to!connect!to!the!management!interface,!do!not!use!a!fully!qualified!domain!name

VMware, Inc. 85Chapter 3 Using the VMware Management InterfaceFigure 3-1. Status MonitorViewing Summary Information About VMware ESX ServerIn!the!Sys

Administration Guide86 VMware, Inc.Viewing Summary Information About Virtual Machines on VMware ESX ServerUnder!Virtual!Machines,!you!can!view!a!list!

VMware, Inc. 87Chapter 3 Using the VMware Management InterfaceDepending!on!your!permissions!and!the!state!of!the!virtual!machine,!some!options!may!not

Administration Guide88 VMware, Inc.! Power!On/Resume!–!Powers!on!a!stopped!virtual!machine!or!resumes!a!suspended!virtual!machine!without!running!a!sc

VMware, Inc. 89Chapter 3 Using the VMware Management InterfaceChanging!the!power!state!executes!any!script!associated!with!the!power!state!change.!For

VMware, Inc. 9Contents Switching!User!Names 177The!proc!File!System 177Getting!Help!for!Service!Console!Commands 180Authentication!and!Security!Featu

Administration Guide90 VMware, Inc.3Click!Edit.!The!Edit!Options!dialog!box!appears.For!fastest!suspend!and!restore!operations,!select!the!appropriate

VMware, Inc. 91Chapter 3 Using the VMware Management Interface4Next!to!Virtual!Disk,!click!Edit.5Click!Nonpersistent,!and!click!OK!to!save!your!change

Administration Guide92 VMware, Inc.When!you!click!Power!Off,!the!virtual!machine!will!power!off,!ready!to!resume!at!the!suspend!point!you!set.If!you!d

VMware, Inc. 93Chapter 3 Using the VMware Management InterfaceCreating a New Virtual MachineTo!create!a!new!virtual!machine!from!the!management!interf

Administration Guide94 VMware, Inc.Close!–!Closes!the!current!management!interface!window.!You!can!close!only!windows!that!were! opened!while!using!th

VMware, Inc. 95Chapter 3 Using the VMware Management Interfacetime!these!statistics!cover.!See!“Configuring!the!Statistics!Period!for!the!VMware!Manag

Administration Guide96 VMware, Inc.! On!the!Status!Monitor!or!a!details!pane!for!that!virtual!machine,!click!the!arrow!to!the!right!of!the!terminal!ic

VMware, Inc. 97Chapter 3 Using the VMware Management InterfaceUnderstanding Resource ValuesThe!values!under!Resources!indicate!a!range!of!percentages!

Administration Guide98 VMware, Inc.Figure 3-4. Memory tabThe!Memory!tab!shows!how!much!memory!is!being!used!by!the!virtual!machine!and!how!memory!res

VMware, Inc. 99Chapter 3 Using the VMware Management InterfaceResource!information!displayed!includes:! Minimum!–!Minimum!amount!of!memory!that!must!b